Adoption and enactment of the Constitution

Historical Context

  1. The Constitution of India was framed by the Constituent Assembly, established under the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946.
  2. The drafting process took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days, from December 9, 1946, to November 26, 1949.
  3. The Assembly held a total of 11 sessions to deliberate and finalize the Constitution.
  4. The Constitution was influenced by various global documents, including the Government of India Act 1935 and the Constitutions of other nations.
  5. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Chairman of the Drafting Committee, played a pivotal role in the Constitution's creation.

Adoption of the Constitution

  1. The final draft of the Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949.
  2. This day is celebrated as Constitution Day or Samvidhan Diwas in India.
  3. The adoption marked the culmination of nearly three years of extensive debate and deliberation.
  4. Out of 299 members, 284 members of the Constituent Assembly signed the Constitution.
  5. The adopted Constitution declared India as a Sovereign, Democratic Republic.

Enactment of the Constitution

  1. The Constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950, a day chosen to honor the Purna Swaraj Declaration of 1930.
  2. From this date, India officially became a Republic.
  3. The Government of India Act 1935 was replaced by the new Constitution as the guiding framework for governance.
  4. The first President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, was sworn in on the same day.
  5. The Constitution established the framework for a parliamentary system of government.

Key Features of the Constitution

  1. The Indian Constitution is the longest written Constitution in the world.
  2. It includes 22 parts, 395 articles (originally), and 8 schedules (originally).
  3. The Constitution embodies the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
  4. It established India as a secular and socialist republic through later amendments.
  5. The Constitution provides for fundamental rights, directive principles of state policy, and fundamental duties.

Significance of Adoption and Enactment

  1. The adoption and enactment marked India's transition from a colony to an independent republic.
  2. It provided a democratic framework for governance, ensuring the separation of powers between the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
  3. The Constitution established India as a nation based on the principles of equality and rule of law.
  4. It reflected the aspirations of the Indian people for freedom, dignity, and prosperity.
  5. The enactment of the Constitution laid the foundation for India’s sovereign identity on the global stage.
Category
Framing of the Constitution
The Constitution of India
Indian Polity and Governance
On which date was the Constitution of India adopted by the Constituent Assembly?
When did the Constitution of India come into effect?
What is celebrated on November 26 every year in India?
Who signed the final draft of the Indian Constitution?
How many articles were there in the original Constitution of India?
How many schedules did the original Constitution of India contain?
The idea to make January 26 the effective date of the Constitution was to commemorate which event?
On which date was the final session of the Constituent Assembly held?
Who was the first President of India elected after the adoption of the Constitution?
Who was the first Prime Minister of India under the Constitution of India?
The Constitution of India was enacted in how many languages initially?
Who was the calligrapher of the final handwritten Constitution of India?
The Preamble of the Constitution was adopted on which date?
The original copies of the Constitution of India are preserved in which location?
Who was the first Governor-General of India after the adoption of the Constitution?
How long did it take to draft the Constitution of India?
The Constitution of India was enacted in accordance with which Act?
The Indian Constitution was adopted during which session of the Constituent Assembly?
How many amendments did the original Constitution have at the time of its adoption?
The Constitution of India is often described as:
Which provision of the Constitution came into force immediately after its adoption?
Who gave the final speech before the adoption of the Constitution?
How many members were part of the Constituent Assembly when the Constitution was adopted?
The process of adoption and enactment of the Constitution involved how many readings?
Which part of the Constitution came into effect on November 26, 1949?
The Indian Constitution came into force on January 26, 1950, making India a:
The Constituent Assembly ceased to exist on which date?
The Constitution of India draws heavily from which country’s constitutional model?
Who proposed the motion to adopt the Constitution of India?
Which national emblem was adopted on January 26, 1950?