1. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) was established in 2005 under the Disaster Management Act.
2. It is the apex body for disaster management in India.
3. The primary aim of NDMA is to build a safer and disaster-resilient India.
4. NDMA is chaired by the Prime Minister of India.
5. It formulates policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster management.
6. The NDMA emphasizes a proactive approach to disaster prevent

1. Disaster Management Cycle consists of four key phases: Preparedness, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery.
2. Preparedness involves planning and preparing communities to deal with disasters effectively.
3. Key activities during Preparedness include training, drills, and early warning systems.
4. The goal of Preparedness is to reduce the loss of life and property by ensuring readiness.

Natural Disasters

1. Earthquakes: Sudden shaking of the Earth's crust due to tectonic movements.
2. Floods: Overflow of water bodies, often caused by heavy rainfall, dam failures, or storm surges.
3. Tsunamis: Large ocean waves triggered by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
4. Cyclones: Intense storms with high-speed winds and heavy rainfall, often leading to coastal destruction.
5. Droughts: Prolonged periods of insufficient rainfall, causing water shortages and cr

Structural and Procedural Challenges

1. Lack of standardization: EIA processes vary significantly across regions, leading to inconsistencies.
2. Delayed implementation: Bureaucratic hurdles often cause significant delays in the EIA process.
3. Inadequate screening: Some projects bypass proper assessment due to lenient screening thresholds.
4. Insufficient scoping: Critical environmental and social impacts are sometimes overlooked.
5. Complex procedures: The technical nature of

Understanding the Role of EIA

1. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a vital tool for assessing the potential environmental impacts of proposed developmental projects.
2. It ensures that environmental considerations are integrated into planning and decision-making processes.
3. Provides a framework for sustainable development by balancing economic, social, and environmental objectives.

Benefits of EIA in Developmental Projects

1. Identifies and evaluates the environmental consequences

Definition of EIA

1. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic process to identify and evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a proposed project or development.
2. The aim of EIA is to ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into decision-making processes.
3. It assesses the impact on air, water, soil, biodiversity, and human health.
4. Introduced globally to ensure sustainable development.

Importance of EIA

1. Prevents environmental

Definition and Basics

1. Nuclear energy is produced through the process of nuclear fission or fusion.
2. It is considered a low-carbon energy source, crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Plays a significant role in addressing global energy demands.

Advantages of Nuclear Energy

1. Generates a large amount of energy from a small quantity of fuel.
2. Operates with low emissions, helping to combat climate change.
3. Provides reliable and c

Definition and Importance

1. Energy conservation involves reducing energy use by eliminating wasteful practices.
2. Energy efficiency refers to using less energy to perform the same task, reducing energy loss.
3. Both practices are crucial for sustainability and minimizing environmental impact.
4. Help reduce dependency on non-renewable resources like coal, oil, and natural gas.
5. Contribute to mitigating climate change by lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

Techni

General Overview of Renewable Energy

1. Renewable energy is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly.
2. Key examples include solar, wind, geothermal, and tidal energy.
3. It is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
4. Plays a critical role in achieving global climate goals.
5. Supports energy security and reduces dependence on imported fuels.
6. Encourages economic grow

Introduction

1. CAMPA stands for Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority.
2. It was established under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.
3. The program ensures effective utilization of funds collected for compensatory afforestation, reforestation, and forest management.

Purpose

1. To compensate for the loss of forest area diverted for non-forest activities.
2. To promote afforestation and ecological restora