Electromagnetic Waves and Spectrum

Dual nature of light, applications in technology

1. Introduction to Dual Nature of Light

Light exhibits both wave and particle properties, known as the dual nature of light.
Wave nature: Demonstrated by interference and diffraction.
Particle nature: Demonstrated by the photoelectric effect and Compton scattering.
First proposed in quantum theory by Max Planck and Albert Einstein.

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Photoelectric effect, photons, Planck’s hypothesis

1. Wave-Particle Duality

Proposed to explain the dual nature of light and electromagnetic radiation.
Light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties.
Wave nature: Demonstrated by interference and diffraction.
Particle nature: Demonstrated by the photoelectric effect.

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Properties and applications of each part of the spectrum

1. Radio Waves

Longest wavelength and lowest frequency in the spectrum.
Used in radio broadcasting, television signals, and mobile communication.
Essential for radar and GPS technology.

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Types of electromagnetic waves: radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays

1. Electromagnetic Spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum consists of different types of electromagnetic waves arranged based on their wavelength and frequency.
It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
The waves differ in their wavelength (λ), frequency (f), and energy.

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Electromagnetic Waves and Spectrum