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Electric Power
- Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is consumed or produced in a circuit.
- The formula for electric power is P = VI, where P is power, V is voltage, and I is current.
- Using Ohm’s law, power can also be expressed as P = I²R or P = V²/R, where R is resistance.
- Its SI unit is the watt (W), where 1 watt = 1 joule/second.
- In household applications, power is often measured in kilowatts (kW).
- The energy consumed i
Series Circuits
- In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end so that the current flows through each component sequentially.
- The same current flows through all components in a series circuit.
- The total resistance in a series circuit is the sum of individual resistances: R_total = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...
Electric Current
- Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor.
- The formula is I = Q/t, where I is current, Q is charge, and t is time.
- It is a scalar quantity and is measured in amperes (A).
- In metallic conductors, current is due to the motion of free electrons.
- Electric current can be direct (DC) or alternating (AC).
- The direction of conventional current is opposite to the motion of electrons