NLC India Limited - Skill Development Training Program 2025

NLC India Limited (NLCIL), a Navratna PSU, invites applications from Project Affected Persons (PAPs) for its residential Skill Development Training Program. The program is aimed at enhancing employability for ITI, Diploma, and Graduate Engineering candidates from project-affected families, sponsored by NLCIL in collaboration with Tamil Nadu Skill Development Corporation (TNSDC) and Nettur Technical Training Foundation (NTTF).

Supreme Court of India Recruitment 2025

The Supreme Court of India invites online applications for the engagement of Law Clerk-cum-Research Associates on a short-term contractual basis for the term 2025–2026. A total of approximately 90 candidates will be selected, with a consolidated remuneration of ₹80,000 per month. The assignment is purely contractual and does not confer any claim for regular appointment.

Border Roads Organisation (BRO) Recruitment 2025

The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) is inviting applications for 411 vacancies under Advertisement No. 01/2025 for Multi-Skilled Worker (MSW) positions. These are central government jobs offered on a regular basis, with postings across India. Interested candidates are required to apply offline.

Time period, frequency, and amplitude

  1. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a type of oscillatory motion where the restoring force is proportional to displacement and acts in the opposite direction.
  2. The time period (T) of SHM is the time taken to complete one full oscillation.
  3. The frequency (f) is the number of oscillations completed in one second.
  4. The relationship between time period and frequency is given by f = 1/T.
  5. The amplitude (A) is the maximum displacement of the oscillating particle from its equilibrium p

Oscillations, pendulums, and springs

  1. Oscillation is the repetitive motion of a system about its equilibrium position.
  2. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a special type of oscillation where the restoring force is proportional to displacement and acts in the opposite direction.
  3. A system undergoing SHM exhibits a periodic motion with constant frequency and time period.
  4. The motion of a simple pendulum and a mass attached to a spring are classic examples of SHM.
  5. The equation of motion for SHM is F = -kx

Definitions and characteristics of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

  1. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the opposite direction.
  2. The equation governing SHM is F = -kx, where F is the restoring force, k is the force constant, and x is the displacement from equilibrium.
  3. In SHM, the motion occurs around a fixed equilibrium position.
  4. The restoring force in SHM is responsible for bringing the object back to its equilibrium position.
  5. SHM is a form of

Satellites: artificial satellites and applications

  1. An artificial satellite is a man-made object placed into orbit around a celestial body, primarily Earth.
  2. Artificial satellites are launched using rockets or space vehicles.
  3. They remain in orbit due to the balance between the gravitational pull of the Earth and their centripetal force.
  4. Satellites follow the laws of orbital motion as described by Kepler and Newton.
  5. The orbital velocity of a satellite depends on its altitude and the mass of the central body.
  6. Low Ear

Gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, orbital velocity

  1. Gravitational Potential Energy (U) is the energy possessed by an object due to its position in a gravitational field.
  2. The formula for gravitational potential energy is U = -G(m₁m₂ / r), where G is the gravitational constant, m₁ and m₂ are the masses, and r is the distance between their centers.
  3. The negative sign in U indicates that gravitational force is attractive, and energy must be supplied to separate the masses.
  4. The gravitational potential at a point is defined as the potential energy per u

Acceleration due to gravity, variation with altitude and depth

  1. The acceleration due to gravity (g) is the acceleration experienced by an object due to the gravitational pull of the Earth.
  2. The standard value of g at the Earth's surface is approximately 9.8 m/s².
  3. g is calculated using the formula g = GM/R², where G is the gravitational constant, M is the Earth's mass, and R is its radius.
  4. The value of g is maximum at the Earth’s surface and decreases with altitude, depth, and latitude.
  5. At higher altitudes, g decreases because the dist

Newton’s law of gravitation

  1. Newton’s Law of Gravitation states that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
  2. The mathematical expression for gravitational force is F = G (m₁m₂ / r²), where G is the gravitational constant, m₁ and m₂ are the masses, and r is the distance between the centers of the masses.
  3. The gravitational constant (G) has a value of approximately 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg² in SI un