Issues in local governanceInadequate financial resources: Local bodies often lack sufficient funds to implement developmental programs effectively.Dependence on state governments: Local bodies heavily rely on state government…
Municipal corporations, municipalities, and Nagar Panchayats1. IntroductionThe 74th Amendment Act, enacted in 1992, provides a constitutional framework for Urban Local Bodies (ULBs).Introduced Part IXA in the Constitution, covering Articles 243P to 243ZG.…
Gram Sabha and its significance1. IntroductionThe Gram Sabha is the cornerstone of the Panchayati Raj System, introduced by the 73rd Amendment Act of 1992.Defined under Article 243A of the Constitution.It comprises all registered…
Structure and functioning1. IntroductionThe 73rd Amendment Act of 1992 provided a constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj system.It added a new Part IX to the Constitution, titled "The Panchayats", and Article 243 to…