Organic Chemistry

1. Alcohols

1. Alcohols are organic compounds with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom.
2. Common examples: Methanol (CH₃OH), Ethanol (C₂H₅OH).
3. Uses: Methanol is used as a solvent and fuel.

1. Definition of Polymers

1. Polymers are large molecules made by repeating structural units called monomers.
2. The process of forming polymers from monomers is called polymerization.
3. Polymers can be natural (e.g., rubber, proteins) or synthetic (e.g., plastics).

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1. Introduction to Hydrocarbons

1. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
2. They are classified into three main types:
   • Alkanes: Saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds only.
   • Alkenes: Unsaturated hydrocarbons with one or more double bonds.
   • Alkynes: Unsaturated hydrocarbons with one or more triple bonds.

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1. What is Isomerism?

1. Isomerism is the phenomenon in which two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural or spatial arrangements.
2. Isomers have distinct physical and chemical properties despite having the same formula.
3. The main types of isomerism are:
   • Structural Isomerism
   • Stereoisomerism

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