1. The Constitution of India was adopted on 26th November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly.
  2. It came into effect on 26th January 1950, a date celebrated annually as Republic Day.
  3. The drafting of the Constitution was led by the Constituent Assembly, formed in 1946.
  4. The Drafting Committee, chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, was instrumental in its creation.
  5. The Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world.
  6. It consists of a Preamble, 448 articles (divided into 25 parts), and 12 schedules.
  7. The Preamble declares India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.
  8. The Constitution guarantees Fundamental Rights to all citizens, including rights to equality, freedom, and against exploitation.
  9. It also lists Fundamental Duties for citizens, added through the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
  10. The Directive Principles of State Policy aim to guide the government in establishing social and economic democracy.
  11. The Constitution provides for a parliamentary system of government with a clear separation of powers.
  12. It establishes India as a federal structure with a strong center.
  13. The President of India is the constitutional head, while the Prime Minister is the executive head.
  14. The Constitution recognizes the principle of judicial review to ensure laws comply with its provisions.
  15. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in India.
  16. The Constitution allows for its amendment to adapt to changing needs, with the Parliament empowered to make changes.
  17. The First Amendment in 1951 addressed issues like land reform and free speech limitations.
  18. The Constitution initially recognized 14 languages; today, the Eighth Schedule lists 22 official languages.
  19. The Governor acts as the representative of the President in each state.
  20. The concept of Universal Adult Franchise ensures every citizen above 18 years has the right to vote.
  21. The Constitution includes provisions for the protection and upliftment of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes.
  22. The Election Commission of India is responsible for free and fair elections.
  23. The Constitution provides for an independent Comptroller and Auditor General to oversee public finances.
  24. The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and State Public Service Commissions ensure merit-based recruitment.
  25. The Emergency Provisions allow for the proclamation of national, state, or financial emergencies.
  26. The Constitution abolishes practices like untouchability and promotes equality and justice.
  27. The Indian Penal Code (IPC) and other laws work within the framework provided by the Constitution.
  28. The Constitution emphasizes the importance of secularism, ensuring no state religion and equal treatment of all religions.
  29. The Finance Commission is tasked with distributing financial resources between the center and states.
  30. The Constitution allows for the formation of new states and alteration of state boundaries.
  31. It provides for the establishment of Panchayati Raj institutions to promote grassroots democracy.
  32. The 86th Amendment made education a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14 years.
  33. The Constitution has been amended 105 times as of 2021 to address evolving needs.
  34. The Indian Constitution draws from various sources, including the British parliamentary system, the US Bill of Rights, and the Irish Directive Principles.
  35. The Preamble serves as the guiding philosophy and reflects the values of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
  36. The Schedules detail administrative and policy-related matters, such as land reforms and tribal areas.
  37. The Constitution ensures the autonomy of institutions like the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and public universities.
  38. The Constitution has been a vital tool in promoting social justice and national integration.
  39. The role of the Constituent Assembly, comprising leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajendra Prasad, and Sardar Patel, was pivotal in drafting the Constitution.
  40. The adoption of the Constitution marked the transition of India from a British colony to a sovereign democratic republic.
  41. The Constitution empowers citizens to approach the judiciary for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
  42. The success of the Indian Constitution lies in its ability to balance rigidity and flexibility.
  43. The document is a testament to India’s commitment to democracy, pluralism, and the rule of law.

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Questions

  1. When did the Constitution of India come into effect?
  2. Who is known as the "Father of the Indian Constitution"?
  3. How many schedules are there in the Indian Constitution?
  4. The Preamble of the Constitution declares India to be:
  5. The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on:
  6. How many articles did the original Indian Constitution have?
  7. Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution?
  8. Which part of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?
  9. Which part of the Constitution contains the Directive Principles of State Policy?
  10. The idea of a Constituent Assembly was first proposed by:
  11. The concept of Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution was borrowed from:
  12. The term "Secular" was added to the Preamble by which amendment?
  13. The Constitution of India is divided into how many parts?
  14. Which language is the official language of the Indian Constitution?
  15. The concept of a "Union of States" in the Indian Constitution was borrowed from:
  16. The Emergency provisions in the Indian Constitution were inspired by the Constitution of:
  17. The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by which amendment?
  18. The idea of single citizenship in India was borrowed from:
  19. Which schedule of the Constitution deals with the division of powers between the Union and the States?
  20. Who was the President of the Constituent Assembly?
  21. The Constitution of India provides for a parliamentary system of government. This is inspired by:
  22. The Indian Constitution provides for how many types of emergencies?
  23. The Ninth Schedule was added to the Constitution by which amendment?
  24. How many members signed the final draft of the Constitution?
  25. The concept of the Judiciary's independence is inspired by:
  26. Which Article of the Constitution provides for the impeachment of the President?
  27. Which part of the Constitution contains the Preamble?
  28. The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held on:
  29. The idea of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from:
  30. The Indian Constitution is described as:
  31. The original Constitution of India was handwritten by:
  32. The Indian Constitution is the:
  33. The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 is also known as: