Plant Morphology

1. Introduction

1. Plant morphology refers to the external structure of plants.
2. The three main vegetative organs are the root, stem, and leaf.
3. Roots anchor the plant, stems provide support, and leaves perform photosynthesis.

2.

1. Introduction to Fruits

1. A fruit is a matured and ripened ovary that contains seeds.
2. It develops after fertilization, although some fruits form without fertilization (called parthenocarpic fruits).
3. The primary function of fruits is to protect seeds and aid in their dispersal.

2.

1. Introduction to Flowers

1. A flower is the reproductive organ of angiosperms.
2. It is responsible for sexual reproduction and produces seeds.
3. Flowers can be unisexual (having either stamens or carpels) or bisexual (having both stamens and carpels).

2.

1. Introduction

1. The flower is the reproductive organ of angiosperms.
2. It consists of four main parts: sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil.
3. The arrangement of flowers on a plant is called inflorescence.

2.

1. Introduction

1. The leaf is a lateral, flattened structure of the plant, mainly responsible for photosynthesis.
2. It is typically green due to the presence of chlorophyll.
3. Leaves arise from the nodes of the stem and are arranged in a specific manner.
4. Their main functions include photosynthesis, transpiration, gas exchange, and storage.

2.

1. Introduction

1. The stem is the main axis of the plant that bears leaves, flowers, and fruits.
2. It helps in support, conduction, and storage of nutrients.
3. Stems can be modified to perform specialized functions like storage, reproduction, and perennation.
4. Based on their modifications, stems are categorized into different types.

2.

1. Introduction

1. Roots are the underground part of the plant that provides anchorage and absorption.
2. In some plants, roots are modified to perform specialized functions.
3. Root modifications are classified into three major types: Storage, Support, and Respiratory roots.

2.