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1. Introduction to Evolution
- Evolution is the gradual change in the characteristics of organisms over generations.
- It explains the diversity of life and how new species arise.
- Key factors driving evolution include genetic variations, mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, and environmental influences.
- Two major theories of evolution are Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection and the Modern Synthetic Theory.
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1. Introduction to Evolution
- Evolution refers to the gradual change in the characteristics of organisms over generations.
- It explains the diversity of life on Earth.
- Evolution occurs due to genetic variations, mutations, natural selection, and environmental factors.
- The study of evolution is based on fossil records, comparative anatomy, molecular biology, and embryology.
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1. Introduction
- The Genetic Code is a set of rules that defines how sequences of nucleotides in DNA and RNA are translated into proteins.
- Mutations are sudden changes in the genetic material (DNA or RNA) that can be inherited.
- Mutations can be caused by errors in replication, environmental factors, or radiation.
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1. Introduction
- Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited from one generation to another.
- The Molecular Basis of Inheritance focuses on DNA, RNA, and the processes of replication, transcription, and translation.
- DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the genetic material in most organisms.
- RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) plays a crucial role in protein synthesis.
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1. Introduction
- Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in organisms.
- Linkage and crossing over explain how genes are inherited together or separated during meiosis.
- Polygenic inheritance describes traits controlled by multiple genes, leading to a wide range of phenotypic variations.
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1. Introduction
- Genetics is the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation.
- Heredity refers to the transmission of traits from parents to offspring.
- Variation is the difference in traits among individuals of a species.
- Gregor Mendel, known as the "Father of Genetics," conducted experiments on pea plants to understand inheritance.
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