Current Issues in Geography

Environmental conservation

  1. Environmental conservation refers to the sustainable management of natural resources to prevent exploitation and degradation.
  2. It aims to protect ecosystems, preserve biodiversity, and ensure a sustainable future for human and non-human life.
  3. Biodiversity conservation involves protecting species, habitats, and ecosystems.
  4. Deforestation is a major issue, and afforestation and reforestation are key strategies for conservation.
  5. Climate change mitigation is an essential aspec

Resource management

  1. Resource management involves the sustainable utilization and conservation of natural resources.
  2. It aims to meet current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs.
  3. Natural resources are categorized as renewable (solar, wind) and non-renewable (coal, oil).
  4. Sustainable development is a core principle of resource management.
  5. Water resource management focuses on addressing water scarcity and ensuring equitable distribution.
  6. Integrated Water Re

Natural disasters

  1. Natural disasters are extreme, sudden events caused by environmental factors, leading to significant damage and loss.
  2. They can be categorized as geological (earthquakes, volcanoes), hydrological (floods, tsunamis), and meteorological (cyclones, tornadoes).
  3. An earthquake is caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust, resulting in seismic waves.
  4. Volcanic eruptions occur when magma from beneath the Earth's surface is expelled through vents.

Urban-rural divide

  1. The urban-rural divide refers to the disparities in resources, opportunities, and living standards between urban and rural areas.
  2. Urban areas are characterized by high population density, better infrastructure, and access to modern amenities.
  3. Rural areas often lack basic facilities like healthcare, education, and transportation.
  4. Economic opportunities are more abundant in urban centers, leading to migration from rural areas.
  5. The divide is evident in income levels, with u

Climate change

  1. Climate change refers to long-term alterations in temperature, precipitation, and weather patterns caused by natural and human activities.
  2. The main driver of climate change is the increase in greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).
  3. Human activities like fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and industrial processes are major contributors to GHG emissions.
  4. Global warming, a key aspect of climate change, refers to the rise in Earth's average
Current Issues in Geography