Properties and applications of isotopesIsotopesIsotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.As a result, isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.Examples…
Quantum numbers, Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s ruleQuantum NumbersQuantum numbers describe the state and position of an electron in an atom.There are four quantum numbers:Principal Quantum Number (n): Indicates the main energy level or shell of the…
Bohr’s model, quantum mechanical model of the atomBohr's Model of the AtomProposed by Niels Bohr in 1913.Based on Rutherford’s model and Planck's quantum theory.Electrons revolve around the nucleus in fixed circular paths called orbits or energy…
Dalton’s atomic theory, Thomson’s model, Rutherford’s modelDalton's Atomic TheoryProposed by John Dalton in 1803.It was the first scientific theory to describe the nature of matter in terms of atoms.Matter is made up of small, indivisible particles called…
Protons, neutrons, electronsProtonsThe proton is a positively charged particle with a relative charge of +1.The atomic number is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus.Protons were discovered by Ernest Rutherford in…