- The First Indo-Pak War (1947–1948) occurred over the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir and ended with a UN-mediated ceasefire.
- The conflict led to the division of Jammu and Kashmir into areas controlled by India and Pakistan.
- The Sino-Indian War (1962) arose due to border disputes in Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh.
- The 1962 war exposed India's military weaknesses and led to reforms in defense preparedness.
- The Second Indo-Pak War (1965) was fought over Kashmir and resulted in the Tashkent Agreement.
- The Third Indo-Pak War (1971) resulted in the creation of Bangladesh, previously East Pakistan.
- The 1971 war ended with the Simla Agreement, emphasizing peaceful resolution of disputes.
- The Kargil War (1999) was fought after Pakistani forces infiltrated Indian positions in Kargil, Jammu and Kashmir.
- The Kargil conflict highlighted the valor of Indian soldiers and ended with India regaining lost territory.
- The Operation Blue Star (1984) targeted militants in the Golden Temple, Amritsar, and led to widespread controversy.
- India fought the Goa Liberation War (1961) to annex Goa, Daman, and Diu from Portuguese control.
- The Indo-Sri Lankan Accord (1987) aimed to resolve the civil war in Sri Lanka but faced opposition.
- India's involvement in Sri Lanka included the deployment of the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF).
- India conducted Operation Vijay (1999) to reclaim Kargil territories during the Kargil War.
- India engaged in Operation Meghdoot (1984) to secure the Siachen Glacier.
- The Doklam Standoff (2017) involved a military confrontation between India and China in Bhutanese territory.
- The 2016 Uri Attack led to India conducting surgical strikes on terrorist camps across the border.
- The Pulwama Attack (2019) resulted in an Indian airstrike on Balakot in Pakistan.
- The Galwan Valley Clash (2020) marked heightened tensions with China in Ladakh.
- India has been involved in several counter-insurgency operations in states like Jammu and Kashmir and the Northeast.
- The Naga Insurgency in Northeast India has been one of the longest-running conflicts.
- The Mizoram Peace Accord (1986) ended decades of insurgency in the state.
- The Punjab Insurgency (1980s–1990s) was marked by demands for a separate Khalistan.
- India conducted Operation Cactus (1988) to thwart a coup attempt in the Maldives.
- The Indo-Bangladesh Border Conflict occasionally flares over illegal immigration and disputed territories.
- India's defense strategy includes securing its maritime boundaries in the Indian Ocean Region.
- The Line of Control (LoC) and Line of Actual Control (LAC) remain sensitive areas for India’s security.
- The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) governs counter-insurgency operations in disturbed areas.
- India’s conflict with Pakistan includes ongoing tensions over the Kashmir issue.
- The Operation Pawan (1987–1990) in Sri Lanka was part of efforts to assist in peacekeeping.
- The Hyderabad Operation (1948) integrated the princely state of Hyderabad into India.
- The Junagadh Dispute (1947) was resolved through a plebiscite favoring accession to India.
- India's defense policies emphasize modernization and indigenization under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
- India participates in UN Peacekeeping Missions, contributing to global peace efforts.
- India’s conflicts reflect challenges of territorial integrity, ethnic diversity, and external aggression.
- The Agneepath Scheme (2022) aims to reform military recruitment to address modern challenges.
- India’s relations with neighboring countries are influenced by strategic interests and historical conflicts.
- India’s proactive defense strategy includes the development of advanced weaponry and infrastructure.
- India’s wars and conflicts have shaped its foreign policy and defense strategies significantly.
Questions
- When did the First Indo-Pak War take place?
- The First Indo-Pak War was fought over which region?
- In which year did the Sino-Indian War occur?
- The Indo-Pak War of 1971 led to the creation of which new nation?
- Who was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-Pak War of 1971?
- The Kargil War took place in which year?
- What was the code name for the Indian Army's operation during the Kargil War?
- The Indian Peacekeeping Force (IPKF) was deployed in which country during the 1980s?
- What was the primary cause of the Sino-Indian War in 1962?
- The Tashkent Agreement was signed after which Indo-Pak War?
- Who was the Indian Prime Minister during the 1965 Indo-Pak War?
- Operation Meghdoot was related to the capture of which region?
- Which war led to the signing of the Shimla Agreement in 1972?
- In which year did the Indian Army carry out Operation Blue Star?
- The Battle of Longewala occurred during which war?
- What was the primary objective of the Indian Army's Operation Cactus in 1988?
- Which Indian state was the focus of the Naga insurgency post-independence?
- The Liberation of Goa from Portuguese rule occurred in which year?
- The Indo-China conflict of 1967 occurred in which region?
- Which operation was conducted to suppress militancy in the Golden Temple?
- The 1999 Kargil War ended with the recapture of which peak by the Indian Army?
- What was the main focus of the Simla Agreement of 1972?
- The Panchsheel Agreement was signed between India and which country?
- In which year did the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) assassinate Rajiv Gandhi?
- The 1965 Indo-Pak War began due to infiltration in which region?
- Operation Polo led to the annexation of which princely state into India?
- The "No First Use" policy is related to India’s stance on which type of weapons?
- Which Prime Minister of India signed the Indus Waters Treaty with Pakistan?
- The Doklam standoff in 2017 was between India and which country?
- The Indian Army launched Operation Pawan in Sri Lanka for what purpose?
- The Line of Actual Control (LAC) serves as the boundary between India and which country?
- The Treaty of Amritsar (1846) established the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir under which ruler?
- The Tashkent Agreement was mediated by which country?
- The 1947–1948 Indo-Pak war ended with the establishment of which line?
- Operation Trident, launched during the 1971 Indo-Pak War, was a mission by which branch of the military?
- The Khalistan Movement was primarily centered in which Indian state?
- Which Indian leader was assassinated in 1984 due to Operation Blue Star?
- The Indo-Sri Lanka Accord of 1987 was signed between India and which Sri Lankan President?
- What was the primary reason for the Doklam standoff in 2017?
- In which year did the Indian Parliament pass a resolution to reclaim Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK)?
- The Sunderbans Delta was the focal point of which India-Bangladesh border conflict?
- The McMahon Line is a border between India and which country?
- The 1974 Shimla Agreement included a clause for resolving disputes through:
- Which operation was launched by India to assist the Maldives during a coup attempt in 1988?
- The Bangladesh Liberation War lasted for how many days?
- The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted in which year?
- Who was the President of Pakistan during the 1965 Indo-Pak War?
- Which region was the focus of the India-China standoff in Galwan Valley in 2020?
- Operation Parakram was launched in response to which event?
- The Siachen Conflict between India and Pakistan began in which year?